what are you likely to find in a dns zone?
The Domain Proper name System (DNS) is used to connect IP addresses with websites names. With the help of DNS, web users can type in elementary URLs, like 4psa.com, instead of long strings of numbers (known equally IP addresses). The domain proper name is only the first step towards organizing the web for consumer use. Boosted structures have been added for website administrators to brand their website accessible. And 1 of these structures is the DNS zone.
A DNS zone is where you store name data about ane or more domains you manage. You can divide your network into multiple subordinate zones to enable management, arrangement, or even speed. This guide will help yous answer what is a DNS zone and what y'all should know about it and then you can best optimize your website.
What are DNS zones and records?
In the DNS, companies and people own websites and other pieces of digital real estate. A web admin might own the domain to one website, while also managing pages on other websites on the aforementioned server. This is where the DNS zone comes in. The zone assembly these domains with specific people or organizations. This makes it easier to discover content on specific servers because each private domain is all inside one zone.
A DNS zone is not the aforementioned as a domain, a zone can contain one or more than domains. A DNS zone is usually kept on at least 2 geographically separated servers in order to provide redundancy. Instead, it is a parent category of the DNS and a subcategory of the server. For example, a unmarried dedicated server can host upwardly to thousands of websites.
DNS zones don't need a lot of domains within them. In fact, many zones have only one domain. If a website is large or has high traffic levels, and so it likely has its own. Similarly, if the website layout is circuitous or has a significant amount of data, it might need its own zone every bit well. Otherwise, multiple websites can exist hosted under one DNS zone.
Information technology'south a common fault to associate DNS zones with domain names. This is especially true when one zone has but 1 domain. However, the DNS zone doesn't highlight a particular domain or website. Instead, it labels the company or administrator that controls it. For example, a web administrator might keep all subdomains under one DNS zone except for i, which needs its own zone because of high traffic levels.
What is in a DNS zone file?
Every DNS zone has a definition that provides information on its contents. In nigh cases, a DNS zone is kept in a plainly text file stored on the server. It can also be a binary file or a database, depending on the DNS awarding running on that server. This file lists each of the domain name records found in the zone to go on these various details organized.
Each zone file begins with a Starting time of Authority (SOA) record. This connects the zone to the administrator. It provides a proper name and an electronic mail contact in the event that the admin needs to be reached.
SOA records assist with the versioning of the zone (serial number), primary DNS server that will handle the zone, with zone transfers and interrogation as it defines rules on how other servers interact with the DNS zone. The SOA record also contains information about record-keeping, similar: Fourth dimension to Live (TTL) value, REFRESH value, RETRY value, Expire value. Such values include instructions for how records are kept in the DNS cache of other servers/clients. This allows for optimal data storage and makes it easy for users to access the data they need within a reasonable time frame.
What are the DNS tape types?
Each DNS zone has unlike DNS records that written report relevant data. These records tin be plant in the DNS zone file on a server. The SOA is one type of record that'south associated with the DNS zone. However, there are other pieces of information that are just as relevant:
- The name server (NS) highlights which administrative name server is associated with the domain. Along with the SOA record, these are the two necessary records in order to take a valid zone.
- The mail exchange (MX) records determine which servers receive email messages to the domain. Most domains have two MX records with dissimilar priority levels and so there's e'er a backup option to receive mail.
- The A record reports the IPv4 address for the domain. Yous might also encounter AAAA for IPv6 addresses.
- The canonical name (CNAME) records the alias of one website for another. This could include a landing page that reroutes to the parent site or the information of a website that rebranded and changed its domain.
- TXT records agree man-readable information almost the website. These records provide the ability to associate arbitrary text with a host or other name, such every bit man readable data well-nigh a server, network, information eye, or other accounting information
- The server locator (SRV) records highlight the location of a service. This record isn't frequently used, but there are a couple of services that tin depend on it like the SIP server.
These record types accept different levels of importance depending on your concern. If you lot accept a website with a elementary landing folio and contact class, then you'll likely won't have CNAME records. However, if you have an international business and eCommerce brand, you may need more advanced DNS records to record data nearly each website.
Most DNS administrators update zone and file information on an every bit-needed footing. For example, a website won't have an SRV record until it needs i. On the other manus, every website will have an SOA and a NS record. Too, most of the websites will accept an A record or AAAA record.
How practice I observe my DNS zone?
For the most office, you won't need to check your DNS zone. However, there are times when you need to record your DNS or fifty-fifty alter it. For instance, if you buy a new domain, you lot will need to know its server information. Y'all might even transfer information to a new server on occasion.
In that location are tools you can apply to look upwards DNS information, including your DNS zone.You can employ online tools that provide information almost websites or whois/dig/nslookup and similar tools available on your operating system.
If you yet aren't sure how to find your DNS zone, talk to your site administrator. They tin help you find your zone and pull your SOA. This tin can requite you lot all the information you need almost your website. Zone administrators are responsible for changing and updating DNS zones. This means if y'all're the new administrator, this information should be provided to y'all by your predecessor.
If you utilise a hosting service for your server, they might be able to assist you in locating your DNS zone besides. They can as well assist you update your DNS information as you lot make changes to the domain or add together new ones.
Know what's important well-nigh your DNS zone
If yous manage a website, then you lot have a DNS zone. By knowing it, y'all can control where your information is found and how you organize subdomains. This is peculiarly useful when your business starts to abound. If your website traffic increases or you need a new subdomain, yous may demand a second DNS zone. This tin can create a better spider web experience for your customers.
A web ambassador will manage all these details for you. If you don't have a web administrator, working with your hosting provider tin be helpful in agreement your DNS zone and whatsoever changes that demand to be made.
What's more, if your hosting provider uses a DNS management and automation platform like DNS Managing director, you volition exist able to manage your DNS zones and records by yourself from its friendly, web-based interface.
Source: https://blog.4psa.com/what-is-a-dns-zone/
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